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a + b + c = ?

A hard-level "Length" problem.Count the same area two ways — split into three, and all at once. The two counts force the total, no matter where the point sits.

GivenThe equilateral triangle has height 15 cm. P is some point inside it.

Length ★★★★★☆ a + b + c = ? abc P 15cm ABC a+b+c = ?

Hints

  1. Join P to the three corners. The equilateral triangle splits into three small triangles.
  2. Look only at the blue triangle PBC. Its base is BC and its height is exactly a, so its area is BC × a ÷ 2.
  3. The other two work the same way. And since it is equilateral, all three sides are the same length — so the three triangles all share the same base length, differing only in height.
  4. Adding all three gives side × (a + b + c) ÷ 2, which is the area of the whole triangle.
  5. But the same area can be found the ordinary way: base × height ÷ 2. Same base, height 15 cm — so side × 15 ÷ 2.
  6. The two expressions describe the same area. Both have the form "side × □ ÷ 2", so the two □s must match: a + b + c = 15 cm.
  7. Nowhere did the argument use where P actually is. So wherever P moves inside the triangle, the three distances still total 15 cm.

Answer 15cm

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